European Union
Eurostat release of 5 October: prices rose 1.9 percent on the month in both the euro area and the EU, after 1.6 and 1.4 percent in July, driven by energy (+5.6 percent in the euro area). Excluding energy, prices were up 0.2 percent. On the year, producer prices rose 8.2 percent in the euro area and 8.0 percent in the EU. Prices rose in every member state, most in Bulgaria and Estonia (both +3.3 percent) and Italy (+3.1 percent).
Eurostat
Eurostat release of 6 October: after falling 0.6 percent in July, retail volumes rose 0.1 percent in both the euro area and the EU, and were 0.8 and 1.2 percent higher than a year earlier. Non-food sales grew 0.5 percent while automotive fuel fell 1.9 percent in the euro area. Romania (+2.3 percent), Sweden (+1.4 percent) and Germany (+1.3 percent) had the largest monthly increases, Luxembourg (-9.4 percent) the largest fall.
Eurostat
Eurostat release of 7 October: after a 0.3 percent drop in June, services output rose 0.4 percent in the euro area and 0.3 percent in the EU, and 1.5 percent in both on the year. Professional, scientific and technical activities grew most (+1.1 percent in the euro area), followed by real estate (+0.7 percent) and accommodation and food services (+0.6 percent); transport and storage slipped 0.1 percent.
Eurostat
Package on pre-enlargement policy reviews adopted on 6 October, as mandated by the European Council: an assessment of EU policies, governance and budget in view of new members, how the current Treaties and future accession treaties can be used to prepare for a larger Union, and safeguards for future accession treaties, including stronger protection of the rule of law. “Enlargement of our Union is a geopolitical imperative,” said President Ursula von der Leyen.
European Commission
Disbursed on 7 October under the defence component of the 90-billion-euro Ukraine Support Loan, the money pays for drones, drone interceptors, drone ammunition and missiles made by Ukrainian manufacturers. The loan is split indicatively into 60 billion euros for defence and 30 billion for budget support over 2026-2027, with 28.3 billion euros planned for Ukraine's defence industry in 2026 alone. Since 2022 the EU and its member states have provided 228.7 billion euros in support.
European Commission
Selected from 102 applications and announced on 9 October: eight extraction projects, 11 processing, 19 recycling and eight integrated ones, covering 15 of the 17 strategic raw materials, with batteries, defence and aerospace and permanent magnets as the main value chains. They support the Critical Raw Materials Act targets that by 2030 EU capacity should cover 10 percent of consumption for extraction, 40 percent for processing and 25 percent for recycling.
European Commission
Fifth annual report on the Recovery and Resilience Facility, 7 October: 450 billion euros in grants and loans have been disbursed, nearly 80 percent of what member states requested. The Commission is assessing the final 32 payment requests; the remaining 123 billion euros (21 percent) are to be paid by the end of 2026. Of almost 6,000 milestones and targets, 4,082 have been fulfilled and 1,899 are under assessment.
European Commission
Decision of 8 October: during the 2021 review of Kingspan's planned purchase of Trimo, both makers of mineral-fibre sandwich panels for buildings, Kingspan supplied incorrect or misleading information in four instances, at least negligently, in breach of the EU Merger Regulation. Kingspan eventually abandoned the deal. The Commission had raised six objections in 2024 and dropped two.
European Commission
Decision of 5 October after an in-depth investigation opened in July 2025: Poland may not pay the roughly 26 million euros (PLN 116 million) it granted to expand MAN's truck plant in Niepołomice. Poland failed to show that the aid was decisive for MAN to invest there, as the regional aid guidelines require, or that it was the minimum necessary.
European Commission
Adopted on 6 October, the revision of the standardisation regulation sets clearer deadlines for standards the Commission requests, clarifies when it can fall back on common specifications instead, and gives small and medium-sized enterprises a stronger voice, while keeping the public-private partnership with the European standardisation organisations. Harmonised standards let companies show compliance with EU law in areas from batteries and clean technologies to construction products and cybersecurity.
European Commission
World
The Norwegian Nobel Committee announced on 9 October that the 125th Peace Prize goes to Navanethem Pillay, 85, former UN High Commissioner for Human Rights, for her work to ensure that war crimes, crimes against humanity and genocide are prosecuted. “International law is no longer just a supplement to peace and security. It is an absolute necessity,” the committee said. Pillay, who heard the news in Nuremberg's historic courtroom, dedicated the prize to survivors of international crimes.
Al Jazeera
Secretary of State Marco Rubio announced on 9 October sanctions banning transactions with the court as an institution, a major escalation after earlier US sanctions on ICC judges, prosecutors and a UN special rapporteur. Washington cites the court's Afghanistan investigation and its arrest warrants for Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu and former defence minister Yoav Gallant. “Either the ICC will end its threats, or we will end the ICC,” Rubio said; ICC deputy prosecutor Nazhat Shameem Khan said the sanctions “must be condemned”.
Al Jazeera
The Tigray People's Liberation Front confirmed on 3 October that it had withdrawn from the regional capital, which federal forces and allied Tigray Peace Force fighters entered the same day. It is the worst fighting since the Pretoria agreement of November 2022 ended a two-year war that killed hundreds of thousands of people. The TPLF had declared the agreement effectively collapsed in July; by 9 October Ethiopia and Eritrea were accusing each other of starting a war.
Al Jazeera
Prime Minister Pedro Sánchez announced the early vote on 5 October after Parliament rejected his minority government's housing relief measures; the government said more than 70,000 people had protested over housing in Madrid on 3 October. Average rents have almost doubled in a decade, according to Idealista. Polls suggest a People's Party-led coalition backed by the far-right Vox is the most likely outcome; Spanish unions later called a general strike over housing.
Al Jazeera
Federal prosecutors confirmed on 6 October the arrest of August Hanning, 80, president of the Federal Intelligence Service (BND) from 1998 to 2005, on suspicion of attempted treason and acting as an agent of a foreign intelligence service. His former chief of staff, who later served Hanning's successors until 2026, is suspected of passing him about 2,000 documents, many classified, in exchange for money. Prosecutors did not say which country was involved.
Al Jazeera
Ukrainian authorities said on 8 October that the strike on two city buses in the front-line city in Donetsk region killed at least 30 people and wounded 18, one of the deadliest air attacks in recent months. President Volodymyr Zelenskyy said the strike “will not go unanswered”; Moscow, which denies targeting civilians, did not comment.
Al Jazeera
The secessionist party won the most seats in the provincial election of 5 October and its leader, Paul St-Pierre Plamondon, is set to become premier; it was not yet clear whether it reached the 64 seats needed for a majority in the 127-seat National Assembly. The PQ, which won only three seats in 2022, has promised a third referendum on leaving Canada in its first term, but not before Donald Trump leaves office in January 2029. Support for independence stands at about 30 percent.
Al Jazeera
Speaking to the Security Council on 9 October, UN envoy Hans Grundberg said fighting between the Houthis and government forces had slid back into “full-scale war”, with civilians bearing the brunt: at least 46 have been killed and more than 130 injured since August, according to the UN. “Gains on the battlefield cannot substitute for the negotiations that will be required to settle the conflict,” he said. The same day Saudi Arabia reopened Riyadh airport after a Houthi attack that killed three people.
Al Jazeera / UN
The first hurricane of the Atlantic season was packing winds above 193 km/h on 9 October, the US National Hurricane Center said, with landfall expected late that day or early 10 October between Mobile Bay in Alabama and Choctawhatchee Bay in Florida. Forecasters warned of storm surge up to 2.7 metres and up to 38 cm of rain locally; states of emergency were declared in parts of Alabama, Florida and Georgia.
Al Jazeera
The quake struck southern Panama on 9 October, about 10 km southwest of Pitaloza Arriba on the Pacific coast, according to the US Geological Survey; tsunami warnings were issued for Panama, Colombia, Ecuador, Nicaragua and Guatemala, and by Chile's navy. Buildings shook in Panama City, a historic tower collapsed in Penonomé and schools were closed. It follows deadly quakes in Venezuela in June and Colombia in August.
Al Jazeera
Germany
Destatis release no. 354 of 6 October: real new orders dropped 10.6 percent on the month, almost entirely because orders for other transport equipment (aircraft, ships, trains, military vehicles) fell 61.5 percent after more than doubling in July. Excluding large-scale orders, orders were only 0.1 percent lower. Over June to August they were 1.3 percent above the previous three months. Capital goods orders fell 15.3 percent and foreign orders 5.4 percent.
Destatis
Destatis release no. 355 of 7 October: production rose 2.0 percent on July and 2.3 percent on August 2025 (calendar adjusted). Construction grew 9.3 percent on the month and machinery and equipment 5.3 percent, while the automotive industry fell again, by 5.4 percent. July was revised to -1.2 percent. Over June to August, output was 0.4 percent above the previous three months.
Destatis
Destatis release no. 356 of 8 October: seasonally adjusted exports were worth 137.6 billion euros and imports 118.1 billion, down 0.8 percent and up 0.9 percent on July. Compared with August 2025, exports rose 6.2 percent and imports 5.5 percent. The surplus fell from 21.6 billion euros in July; exports to EU countries were 77.5 billion euros, 0.6 percent lower than in July.
Destatis
ifo index for the automotive industry, 5 October: the climate fell to -35.0 points in September from -22.0 in August. Companies rated their current situation well below even June and July, the year's previous low, and expectations stayed depressed after a sharp fall in August. Export and employment expectations both declined, order backlogs were rated lower and earnings fell markedly in the third quarter. “The automotive industry remains mired in crisis,” said ifo expert Anita Wölfl.
ifo Institute
ifo analysis of 7 October on the fuel tax cut of 17 cents per litre that took effect on 1 October: over the first five days, oil companies passed on about 15 cents for diesel, just over 16 cents for Super E5 and 15 cents for E10. “On October 1, the discount was passed on in full, while it was then only partially passed on over the weekend,” said Florian Neumeier. ifo will publish the pass-through every Wednesday from 14 October.
ifo Institute
Jimdo-ifo business climate for the self-employed, 8 October: the index rose to -18.8 points in September from -19.7 in August. In the third quarter, 54.4 percent of solo self-employed and micro-enterprises reported difficulties in getting bank credit, up from 44.8 percent, while in the economy as a whole the share fell from 40.1 to 32.8 percent. Only 7.8 percent of the self-employed held credit talks at all, down from 9.3 percent.
ifo Institute
The Federal Research Ministry and the Federal Agency for Disruptive Innovation (SPRIND) launched a funding programme on 8 October worth 500 million euros until 2029, possibly rising to 2.5 billion euros in the long term. Companies receive money only when they reach set technical and commercial targets; those that miss them drop out. The first goal is a blueprint for a demonstration fusion power plant. “Fusion has seen major scientific breakthroughs in recent years,” said Research Minister Dorothee Bär.
deutschland.de / dpa
On 9 October Chancellor Friedrich Merz proposed a summit of the coalition backing Ukraine in Berlin before the end of the year, possibly in December, at the level of heads of state and government; the UK reportedly welcomed the idea. The day before, during British Prime Minister Andy Burnham's first visit to Berlin, the two countries agreed to step up cooperation against cyberattacks, sabotage and hybrid threats and to share more intelligence. The coalition, set up by the UK and France in 2025, has more than 30 members.
deutschland.de
Federal President Frank-Walter Steinmeier travelled to Paris on 7 October at the invitation of President Emmanuel Macron, marking 75 years of diplomatic relations between the two countries. It was the first state visit to France by a German president in 13 years, and a farewell for both heads of state, who leave office next spring.
deutschland.de
The national celebration on 3 October took place in Bremen, which holds the Bundesrat presidency, under the motto “Many Strengths – One Nation”, with up to 450,000 visitors expected over three days and around 800 events. Federal President Steinmeier, Chancellor Merz, Bundestag President Julia Klöckner and Bundesrat President Andreas Bovenschulte attended. The day marks the entry into force of the Unification Treaty on 3 October 1990.
deutschland.de / dpa
Brazil
Com a apuração encerrada na noite de 4 de outubro, o senador Flávio Bolsonaro (PL) teve 47,03% dos votos válidos (56.103.033 votos) e o presidente Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva (PT), 45,16% (53.870.724). Como nenhum candidato passou de metade dos votos válidos, os dois voltam a se enfrentar no segundo turno, em 25 de outubro. Na mesma data, seis estados e o Distrito Federal decidem a eleição para governador: Acre, Amazonas, Distrito Federal, Espírito Santo, Rio de Janeiro, Rio Grande do Norte e Tocantins.
TSE / Agência Brasil
Em 20 das 27 unidades da Federação, o vencedor passou de 50% dos votos válidos em 4 de outubro: oito no Nordeste, quatro no Norte, três no Sul, três no Centro-Oeste e dois no Sudeste. Entre os eleitos estão Tarcísio de Freitas, reeleito em São Paulo, Cleitinho Azevedo em Minas Gerais, Sergio Moro no Paraná, Luciano Zucco no Rio Grande do Sul, Jerônimo Rodrigues, reeleito na Bahia, e Raquel Lyra, reeleita em Pernambuco.
TSE / Agência Brasil
Das 54 vagas em disputa no Senado (dois terços da Casa), o PL conquistou 19 e chega a 28 senadores a partir de 2027; o MDB elegeu sete e o PT, seis. Dos 32 senadores que tentaram a reeleição, apenas 14 conseguiram, de modo que 40 das 54 cadeiras serão ocupadas por novos nomes. Na Câmara, 183 dos 513 deputados eleitos exercerão o primeiro mandato, uma renovação de 35,67%, abaixo dos 39,3% de 2022.
TSE / Agência Brasil
Na segunda-feira, 5 de outubro, o mercado reagiu ao resultado eleitoral: o dólar fechou a R$ 5,0022, a menor cotação desde 21 de maio, e acumula queda de 8,87% no ano. O Ibovespa subiu 7,85%, para 207.190 pontos, depois de tocar 209.605 na máxima do dia. Na sexta-feira anterior, o dólar havia fechado a R$ 5,2175 em meio à cautela dos investidores.
Agência Brasil
Divulgado pelo IBGE em 9 de outubro, o índice de setembro foi o maior desde março (0,88%), pressionado pelo fim do Bônus de Itaipu, que havia reduzido a conta de luz de agosto. Em 12 meses, a inflação chega a 4,58%, acima do limite de 4,5% da meta, depois de 4,22% até agosto; a última vez acima do teto havia sido em junho (4,64%). O resultado veio acima do esperado pelo mercado, que no Boletim Focus de 5 de outubro já projetava 5,01% para o ano.
IBGE / Agência Brasil
Anunciadas em 9 de outubro, a 16 dias do segundo turno, as medidas elevam a redução de tributos sobre a gasolina de R$ 0,63 para R$ 0,89 por litro, zerando PIS/Pasep, Cofins e Cide por 30 dias, mantêm benefícios ao etanol hidratado e reforçam a subvenção ao diesel importado. O custo estimado é de R$ 5,2 bilhões em 30 dias. A Medida Provisória 1.395 abre um crédito extraordinário de R$ 7,52 bilhões para o Ministério de Minas e Energia, dos quais R$ 6,17 bilhões para o diesel rodoviário.
Ministério da Fazenda / Agência Brasil
Dados do MDIC de 6 de outubro: o saldo mais que dobrou frente a setembro de 2025 (US$ 3,14 bilhões) e foi o segundo melhor para o mês, atrás apenas de 2023. As exportações somaram US$ 34,42 bilhões (+12,9%), puxadas por petróleo, combustíveis, soja e cobre, e as importações, US$ 26,68 bilhões (-2,4%). A corrente de comércio, de US$ 61,09 bilhões, foi a maior já registrada para um mês de setembro.
MDIC / Agência Brasil
O 4º Ciclo da Oferta Permanente de Partilha, realizado pela ANP em 7 de outubro no Rio de Janeiro, foi o leilão do pré-sal com mais blocos arrematados, mas sem disputa: cada bloco teve um único lance. Das 19 empresas habilitadas, seis fizeram propostas, quatro delas estrangeiras; Petrobras, Prio e Equinor levaram duas áreas cada. Com o resultado, a área exploratória sob partilha cresce 58%, para 39,2 mil km². Com todos os blocos, o bônus de assinatura teria chegado a R$ 1,24 bilhão.
ANP / Agência Brasil
O presidente do Senado, Davi Alcolumbre, agendou em 9 de outubro a votação em primeiro turno da PEC 221/2019, aprovada pela Câmara em maio. O texto garante dois dias de descanso remunerado por semana, sem redução de salário, e reduz a jornada de 44 para 40 horas semanais, com transição de 14 meses. Por ser emenda constitucional, precisa de dois turnos em cada Casa; se os senadores mudarem o texto, ele volta à Câmara.
Senado Federal / Agência Brasil
Segundo a Anfavea, em 7 de outubro, foram produzidos 268,3 mil veículos em setembro, 10,2% acima de setembro de 2025, embora 1,1% abaixo de agosto; no ano, a alta é de 8,7%, com quase 2,2 milhões de unidades. Os emplacamentos, de 281,4 mil, também foram os maiores para o mês desde 2014. A associação ressalva que, das 173 mil unidades produzidas a mais no ano, só 50 mil foram fabricadas inteiramente no país; o restante foi montado a partir de kits importados (CKD e SKD).
Anfavea / Agência Brasil